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A NEW APPROACH TO HOLISTIC NITROGEN MANAGEMENT IN CHINA

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第9卷 第3期   页码 490-510 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2022453

摘要：

● Progress on nitrogen management in agriculture is overviewed in China.

关键词： 4R technology     food chain N management     N use efficiency     soil-crop system     sustainable management    

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FULL TIME-SPACE GOVERNANCE STRATEGY AND TECHNOLOGY FOR CROPLAND NON-POINT POLLUTION CONTROL IN CHINA

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第10卷 第4期   页码 593-606 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023522

摘要：

Ensuring food safety while reducing agricultural non-point source pollution is quite challenging, especially in developing and underdeveloped countries. Effective systematic strategies and comprehensive technologies need to be developed for agricultural non-point source pollution control at the watershed scale to improve surface water quality. In this review, a proposal is made for a full time-space governance strategy that prioritizes source management followed by endpoint water pollution control. The 4R chain technology system is specifically reviewed, including source reduction, process retention, nutrient reuse and water restoration. The 4R chain technology system with the full time-space governance strategy was applied at the scale of an administrative village and proved to be a feasible solution for reducing agricultural non-point source pollution in China. In the future, a monitoring system needs to be established to trace N and P transport. Additionally, new smart fertilizer and intelligent equipment need to be developed, and relevant governance standards and supportive policies need to be set to enhance the efficacy of agricultural non-point source pollution control.

关键词： 4R chain technology system     agricultural non-point source pollution     case study     full time-space governance strategy    

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Construction and Application of a Regional Kilometer-Scale Carbon Source and Sink Assimilation Inversion System(CCMVS-R)

Lifeng Guo,Xiaoye Zhang,Junting Zhong,Deying Wang,Changhong Miao,Licheng Zhao,Zijiang Zhou,Jie Liao,Bo Hu,Lingyun Zhu,Yan Chen,

《工程（英文）》 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.02.017

摘要： CO2 is one of the most important greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the earth’s atmosphere. Since the industrial era, anthropogenic activities have emitted excessive quantities of GHGs into the atmosphere, resulting in climate warming since the 1950s and leading to an increased frequency of extreme weather and climate events. In 2020, China committed to striving for carbon neutrality by 2060. This commitment and China’s consequent actions will result in significant changes in global and regional anthropogenic carbon emissions and therefore require timely, comprehensive, and objective monitoring and verification support (MVS) systems. The MVS approach relies on the top-down assimilation and inversion of atmospheric CO2 concentrations, as recommended by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Inventory Guidelines in 2019. However, the regional high-resolution assimilation and inversion method is still in its initial stage of development. Here, we have constructed an inverse system for carbon sources and sinks at the kilometer level by coupling proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) with four-dimensional variational (4DVar) data assimilation based on the weather research and forecasting–greenhouse gas (WRF–GHG) model. Our China Carbon Monitoring and Verification Support at the Regional level (CCMVS-R) system can continuously assimilate information on atmospheric CO2 and other related information and realize the inversion of regional and local anthropogenic carbon emissions and natural terrestrial ecosystem carbon exchange. Atmospheric CO2 data were collected from six ground-based monitoring sites in Shanxi to verify the inversion effect of regional anthropogenic carbon emissions by setting ideal and real experiments using a two-layer nesting method (at 27 km and 9 km). The uncertainty of the simulated atmospheric CO2 decreased significantly, with a root-mean-square error of CO2 concentration values between the ideal value and the simulated after assimilation was close to 0. The total anthropogenic carbon emissions in Shanxi Province in 2019 from the assimilated inversions were approximately 28.6% (17%–38%) higher than the mean of five emission inventories using the bottom-up method, showing that the top-down CCMVS-R system can obtain more comprehensive information on anthropogenic carbon emissions.

关键词： CCMVS-R     Regional carbon assimilation system     Anthropogenic carbon emissions     CO2     POD 4DVar    

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Modeling of the resilient supply chain system from a perspective of production design changes

《工程管理前沿（英文）》   页码 96-106 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0235-z

摘要： Building an effective resilient supply chain system (RSCS) is critical and necessary to reduce the risk of supply chain disruptions in unexpected scenarios such as COVID-19 pandemic and trade wars. To overcome the impact of insufficient raw material supply on the supply chain in mass disruption scenarios, this study proposes a novel RSCS considering product design changes (PDC). An RSCS domain model is first developed from the perspective of PDC based on a general conceptual framework, i.e., function-context-behavior-principle-state-structure (FCBPSS), which can portray complex systems under unpredictable situations. Specifically, the interaction among the structure, state and behavior of the infrastructure system and substance system is captured, and then a quantitative analysis of the change impact process is presented to evaluate the resilience of both the product and supply chain. Next, a case study is conducted to demonstrate the PDC strategy and to validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the RSCS domain model. The results show that the restructured RSCS based on the proposed strategy and model can remedy the huge losses caused by the unavailability of raw materials.

关键词： resilient supply chain     supply chain disruption     domain modeling     product design changes    

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Disruptive technologies for advancing supply chain resilience

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2023年 第10卷 第2期   页码 360-366 doi: 10.1007/s42524-023-0257-1

摘要： Disruptive technologies provide a new paradigm for supply chain risk management and bring opportunities and challenges for the improvement of supply chain resilience (SCRes). This study summarizes the application cases of some disruptive technologies in the SCRes and analyzes the benefits and damages brought by disruptive technologies to the SCRes. The results show that disruptive technologies can provide the supply chain with flexibility, visibility, agility, and other capabilities at various stages of risk management. Hence, technology advancements greatly increase the level of the SCRes. Although disruptive technologies undermine the construction of SCRes, these damages can be eliminated through technology iteration or other disruptive technologies. Furthermore, disruptive technologies will provide better stability for the SCRes. The study also makes several suggestions for the use of disruptive technologies in the construction of the SCRes.

关键词： supply chain resilience     disruptive technology     supply chain risk    

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SMRs – overview, international developments, safety features and the GRS simulation chain

《能源前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第4期   页码 793-809 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0751-2

摘要： The Gesellschaft für Anlagen- und Reaktorsicherheit (GRS) gGmbH as the main technical support organization for the German Federal Government in nuclear safety has been dealing with small modular reactors (SMRs) for about one decade since SMRs are one interesting option for new builds in most countries worldwide which continue to use nuclear energy for commercial electricity production. Currently four different SMR designs are in operation, four in construction, one is licensed, and further 12 are in a licensing process. In this paper, definitions, history, and current developments of SMRs are presented. Subsequently, selected trends of SMR development such as factory fabrication and transport, compactness and modularity, core design, improved core cooling, exclusion of accidents, features for preventing and limiting the impact of severe accidents, economic viability, competitiveness and licensing are discussed. Modeling gaps of the GRS simulation chain programs with a view to applications in nuclear licensing procedures are identified and a strategy for closing these gaps is presented. Finally, selected work on the extension and improvement of the simulation chain and first generic test analyses are presented.

关键词： small modular reactors (SMRs)     history     recent developments     safety aspects     simulation chain of the Gesellschaft für Anlagen- und Reaktorsicherheit (GRS)    

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Collaborative adoption of blockchain technology: A supply chain contract perspective

《工程管理前沿（英文）》   页码 121-142 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0239-8

摘要： The outbreak of COVID-19 has significantly affected the development of enterprises. In the post-pandemic era, blockchain technology has become one of the important technologies to help enterprises quickly gain market competitiveness. The heavy investment required of supply chain stakeholders to employ blockchain technology has hindered its adoption and application. To tackle this issue, this study aims to facilitate the adoption of blockchain technology in a supply chain consisting of a core enterprise and a small/medium-sized enterprise through an effective supply chain contract. We analyze the performance of a cost-sharing (CS) contract and a revenue-sharing (RS) contract and propose a new hybrid CS-RS contract for better performance. We conduct comparative analyses of the three contracts and find that the hybrid CS-RS contract can more effectively incentivize both parties to reach the highest level of blockchain technology adoption and achieve supply chain coordination.

关键词： blockchain     collaborative adoption     cost sharing     revenue sharing     hybrid contract    

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Strategies to reduce nutrient pollution from manure management in China

David R. CHADWICK, John R.

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第7卷 第1期   页码 45-55 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019293

摘要：

As the demand for livestock products continues to increase in China, so too does the challenge of managing increasing quantities of manure. Urgent action is needed to control point source (housing, storage and processing) and diffuse (field application) pollution and improve the utilization of manure nutrients and organic matter. Here, we review strategies to improve management at each stage of the manure management chain and at different scales. Many strategies require infrastructure investment, e.g., for containment of all manure fractions. Engineering solutions are needed to develop advanced composting systems with lower environmental footprints and design more efficient nutrient stripping technologies. At the field-scale, there is an urgent need to develop a manure nutrient recommendation system that accounts for the range of manure types, cropping systems, soils and climates throughout China. At the regional scale, coordinated planning is necessary to promote recoupling of livestock and cropping systems, and reduce nutrient accumulation in regions with little available landbank, while minimizing the risk of pollution swapping from one region to another. A range of stakeholders are needed to support the step change and innovation required to improve manure management, reduce reliance on inorganic fertilizers, and generate new business opportunities.

关键词： cropping farms     livestock production     manure management chain     recoupling     nutrient loss    

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ZnO nanorefrigerant in R152a refrigeration system for energy conservation and green environment

SENDIL KUMAR,R. ELANSEZHIAN

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第9卷 第1期   页码 75-80 doi: 10.1007/s11465-014-0285-y

摘要：

In this paper the reliability and performance of a vapour compression refrigeration system with ZnO nanoparticles in the working fluid was investigated experimentally. Nanorefrigerant was synthesized on the basis of the concept of the nanofluids, which was prepared by mixing ZnO nanoparticles with R152a refrigerant. The conventional refrigerant R134a has a global warming potential (GWP) of 1300 whereas R152a has a significant reduced value of GWP of 140 only. An experimental test rig is designed and fabricated indigenously in the laboratory to carry out the investigations. ZnO nanoparticles with refrigerant mixture were used in HFC R152a refrigeration system. The system performance with nanoparticles was then investigated. The concentration of nano ZnO ranges in the order of 0.1% v, 0.3% v and 0.5%v with particle size of 50 nm and 150 g of R152a was charged and tests were conducted. The compressor suction pressure, discharge pressure and evaporator temperature were measured. The results indicated that ZnO nanorefrigerant works normally and safely in the system. The ZnO nanoparticle concentration is an important factor considered for heat transfer enhancement in the refrigeration system. The performance of the system was significantly improved with 21% less energy consumption when 0.5%v ZnO-R152a refrigerant. Both the suction pressure and discharge pressure were lowered by 10.5% when nanorefrigerant was used. The evaporator temperature was reduced by 6% with the use of nanorefrigerant. Hence ZnO nanoparticles could be used in refrigeration system to considerably reduce energy consumption. The usage of R152a with zero ozone depleting potential (ODP) and very less GWP and thus provides a green and clean environment. The complete experimental results and their analysis are reported in the main paper.

关键词： ZnO nanorefrigerant     reduced GWP     COP     pressure ratio green energy    

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A brief review of genome editing technology for generating animal models

Haoyi WANG, Sen WU, Mario R. CAPECCHI, Rudolf JAENISCH

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第7卷 第2期   页码 123-128 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019309

摘要：

The recent development of genome editing technologies has given researchers unprecedented power to alter DNA sequences at chosen genomic loci, thereby generating various genetically edited animal models. This mini-review briefly summarizes the development of major genome editing tools, focusing on the application of these tools to generate animal models in multiple species.

关键词： animal model     CRISPR     genome editing     TALEN     ZFN    

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A systemic review of hydrogen supply chain in energy transition

《能源前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第1期   页码 102-122 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0861-0

摘要： Targeting the net-zero emission (NZE) by 2050, the hydrogen industry is drastically developing in recent years. However, the technologies of hydrogen upstream production, midstream transportation and storage, and downstream utilization are facing obstacles. In this paper, the development of hydrogen industry from the production, transportation and storage, and sustainable economic development perspectives were reviewed. The current challenges and future outlooks were summarized consequently. In the upstream, blue hydrogen is dominating the current hydrogen supply, and an implementation of carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) can raise its cost by 30%. To achieve an economic feasibility, green hydrogen needs to reduce its cost by 75% to approximately 2 /kg at the large scale. The research progress in the midterm sector is still in a preliminary stage, where experimental and theoretical investigations need to be conducted in addressing the impact of embrittlement, contamination, and flammability so that they could provide a solid support for material selection and large-scale feasibility studies. In the downstream utilization, blue hydrogen will be used in producing value-added chemicals in the short-term. Over the long-term, green hydrogen will dominate the market owing to its high energy intensity and zero carbon intensity which provides a promising option for energy storage. Technologies in the hydrogen industry require a comprehensive understanding of their economic and environmental benefits over the whole life cycle in supporting operators and policymakers.

关键词： hydrogen production     hydrogen transportation and storage     hydrogen economy     carbon capture and sequestration (CCS)     technology assessment    

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Blockchain-driven supply chain finance solution for small and medium enterprises

Jian LI, Shichao ZHU, Wen ZHANG, Lean YU

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2020年 第7卷 第4期   页码 500-511 doi: 10.1007/s42524-020-0124-2

摘要： Blockchain has attracted much attention in recent years with the development of cryptocurrency and digital assets. As the underlying technology of cryptocurrency, blockchain has numerous benefits, such as de-centralization, collective maintenance, tamper-resistance, traceability, and anonymity. The potential of the blockchain technology (BT) is widely recognized in the financial field. Although some scholars have proposed the combination of blockchain and supply chain finance (SCF), the details of this combination is rarely mentioned. This study first analyzes the coupling between SCF and blockchain technology. Second, the conceptual framework of blockchain-driven SCF platform (BcSCFP) is presented. Third, the operation process of three SCF models on the BcSCFP is proposed. Finally, a case study combined with actual events is conducted. This paper has a positive practical significance in the operation and management of banks and loan enterprises.

关键词： blockchain technology     supply chain finance     risk management     smart contract     decentralization    

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农业高新技术与21世纪涉农供应链的战略性再造

张晟义

《中国工程科学》 2005年 第7卷 第2期   页码 9-14

摘要：

21世纪农业高新技术的发展为涉农供应链提供了战略性再造的契机。它能够营造涉农供应链的高度稳定、促进其柔性机制塑造，提高与时间竞争能力，显著改善一体化涉农物流，并强力支持涉农供应链的基本竞争战略及其高度集成化进程。

关键词： 农业高新技术     涉农供应链     供应链管理     涉农物流     再造    

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Comments on “Innovations for phosphorus sustainability: implications for the whole food chain” in specialissue of “Sustainable Phosphorus Use in Agri-Food System”

Peter M. VITOUSEK, Xuejun LIU

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第6卷 第4期   页码 441-442 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019284

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生鲜农产品冷链储运技术装备发展研究

杨天阳,田长青,刘树森

《中国工程科学》 2021年 第23卷 第4期   页码 37-44 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2021.04.005

摘要：

冷链储运技术装备是维持生鲜农产品品质并提高流通效率的重要途径，对于保障食品安全、提高农业收入具有重要意义。本文在分析我国冷链储运技术装备需求的基础上，梳理了我国冷链储运技术装备的发展现状，总结了我国生鲜农产品冷链储运技术装备相比于发达国家存在的差距与问题；基于德尔菲法与实地调研，研判了我国生鲜农产品冷链储运技术装备发展的关键技术、重点任务、重大工程。针对我国生鲜农产品冷链储运技术装备存在的产地专业化预冷设施匮乏、冷藏运输装备匮乏、速冻技术装备落后、关键技术研发滞后、冷冻冷藏设施建设不规范、冷链基础设施建设不足等问题，提出了发展规划“三步走”技术路线，以期我国生鲜农产品冷链储运技术装备到 2025 年能够初步实现高效化与标准化，到 2035 年能够实现信息化与智能化，到 2050 年能够实现智慧化与无人化。

关键词： 生鲜农产品，冷链储运技术，冷链装备，德尔菲法    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

A NEW APPROACH TO HOLISTIC NITROGEN MANAGEMENT IN CHINA

期刊论文

FULL TIME-SPACE GOVERNANCE STRATEGY AND TECHNOLOGY FOR CROPLAND NON-POINT POLLUTION CONTROL IN CHINA

期刊论文

Construction and Application of a Regional Kilometer-Scale Carbon Source and Sink Assimilation Inversion System(CCMVS-R)

Lifeng Guo,Xiaoye Zhang,Junting Zhong,Deying Wang,Changhong Miao,Licheng Zhao,Zijiang Zhou,Jie Liao,Bo Hu,Lingyun Zhu,Yan Chen,

期刊论文

Modeling of the resilient supply chain system from a perspective of production design changes

期刊论文

Disruptive technologies for advancing supply chain resilience

期刊论文

SMRs – overview, international developments, safety features and the GRS simulation chain

期刊论文

Collaborative adoption of blockchain technology: A supply chain contract perspective

期刊论文

Strategies to reduce nutrient pollution from manure management in China

David R. CHADWICK, John R.

期刊论文

ZnO nanorefrigerant in R152a refrigeration system for energy conservation and green environment

SENDIL KUMAR,R. ELANSEZHIAN

期刊论文

A brief review of genome editing technology for generating animal models

Haoyi WANG, Sen WU, Mario R. CAPECCHI, Rudolf JAENISCH

期刊论文

A systemic review of hydrogen supply chain in energy transition

期刊论文

Blockchain-driven supply chain finance solution for small and medium enterprises

Jian LI, Shichao ZHU, Wen ZHANG, Lean YU

期刊论文

农业高新技术与21世纪涉农供应链的战略性再造

张晟义

期刊论文

Comments on “Innovations for phosphorus sustainability: implications for the whole food chain” in specialissue of “Sustainable Phosphorus Use in Agri-Food System”

Peter M. VITOUSEK, Xuejun LIU

期刊论文

生鲜农产品冷链储运技术装备发展研究

杨天阳,田长青,刘树森

期刊论文